Intellectual Property and Permission Policy

Patents and other forms of intellectual property grant legal rights to inventors to control the use, manufacture, and distribution of their inventions for a defined period. These rights are governed by applicable national and international laws, and enforcement remains the responsibility of the rights holder.

Authors must obtain appropriate consent, permission, or legal release before including any patented material, personal data, images, or proprietary content in a manuscript. Where required, a valid Copyright Transfer Agreement or written authorization must be secured.

It is the author’s responsibility to retain all relevant documentation and to provide copies of permissions or evidence of consent to Bulletin of Education and Language upon request.

Bulletin of Education and Language reserves the full legal right to reject, remove, or disqualify any material from publication where ethical, legal, or intellectual property concerns are identified.